Currently, one drug is approved and another drug is conditionally approved to treat cancer in dogs:
Palladia (toceranib phosphate), to treat mast cell tumors, was approved in 2009; and
Tanovea-CA1 (rabacfosadine for injection), to treat lymphoma, was conditionally approved in 2016.
To date, there are no FDA-approved treatments for cancer in cats. Most cancer treatments for dogs and cats use drugs that FDA has approved for use in humans.
Antineoplastic (antitumor) chemotherapy is often used to treat dogs and cats, and it is routinely used for selected tumors in horses. Antineoplastic drugs can be grouped into general categories, based on their biochemical method of action: alkylating agents, antimetabolites, mitotic inhibitors, antineoplastic antibiotics, hormonal agents, and other miscellaneous drugs.
Chemotherapy drugs are usually given in various combinations of dosages and timing, which are referred to as regimens or protocols. This offers many advantages, because when drugs with different targets or mechanisms of actions are combined, the chances for success are greater.
Chemotherapy may be used in addition to surgery and radiation. Sometimes chemotherapy is started before surgery in an attempt to decrease tumor size or stage of malignancy, thus improving the chances of successful surgery.
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